Bahrain’s Labour Law No. 36 of 2012 sets clear rules for working hours, rest periods, and overtime to protect employees’ rights while maintaining a balanced work environment. Understanding these regulations is essential for both employers and employees to ensure fair treatment and legal compliance.
This guide explains standard working hours, overtime rules, rest periods, and key legal considerations under Bahrain’s labor law.
Standard Working Hours in Bahrain
The standard workweek in Bahrain is 48 hours, typically divided into 8-hour workdays over six days a week. These rules apply to most private sector employees, except for certain industries or professions where different regulations may apply.
Reduced Working Hours During Ramadan
During the holy month of Ramadan, Bahraini labor law reduces working hours for Muslim employees in recognition of fasting and prayer obligations. The maximum allowed working hours during this period are:
- 6 hours per day
- 36 hours per week
Non-Muslim employees may still be required to work regular hours unless their employer voluntarily reduces their work schedule.
Weekly Rest Day
Employees in Bahrain are entitled to at least one day off per week. Friday is the most common rest day, but employers can assign a different day if necessary. However, the law requires at least one full rest day every week.
Overtime Regulations in Bahrain
While employees may be required to work overtime, Bahraini labor law strictly regulates how overtime is assigned and compensated to prevent exploitation.
1. Overtime Limits
The law allows a maximum of two extra hours per day, except in exceptional circumstances where longer overtime may be required.
2. Overtime Pay Rates
Employers must pay overtime wages above the standard hourly rate:
- 125% (1.25 times the regular wage) for daytime overtime.
- 150% (1.5 times the regular wage) for night shifts.
- 150% (1.5 times the regular wage) for work on a weekly rest day.
3. Employee Consent for Overtime
In most cases, employees must agree to work overtime. However, in urgent situations, employers may require overtime without prior consent, provided they follow legal guidelines.
4. Overtime Record-Keeping
Employers must track and document overtime hours to ensure compliance with labor laws. Proper records help employees verify their overtime pay and prevent disputes.
Rest Breaks During the Workday
To protect employee well-being, Bahrain’s labor law requires mandatory rest periods:
- If an employee works more than 6 consecutive hours, they are entitled to at least a 30-minute break.
- These breaks cannot be skipped to shorten working hours.
- Employers must ensure that employees do not work excessive hours without proper rest.
Night Shift Regulations
Employees working night shifts receive higher pay rates due to the challenges of working outside regular hours. The minimum overtime pay for night shifts is 150% of the standard hourly rate.
Legal Compliance and Enforcement
Employers must comply with Bahrain’s labor laws on working hours and overtime. Failure to do so may result in legal penalties, fines, or compensation claims from employees.
The Labour Market Regulatory Authority (LMRA) is responsible for enforcing these laws. Employees who feel their rights are being violated can file a complaint with the LMRA or the Ministry of Labour.
Key Considerations for Employers and Employees
For Employers:
✅ Ensure working hours and overtime policies comply with Bahraini labor law.
✅ Maintain accurate records of employee work hours and overtime payments.
✅ Provide weekly rest days and mandatory rest breaks.
✅ Pay employees correct overtime rates for extra work.
For Employees:
✅ Know your rights regarding working hours and overtime pay.
✅ Always check your pay slips to ensure correct overtime payment.
✅ Speak with your employer if you believe you are working excessive hours.
✅ If needed, file a complaint with the Ministry of Labour for any violations.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What are the standard working hours in Bahrain?
The standard workweek is 48 hours, usually 8 hours per day over six days.
2. How many hours can an employee work during Ramadan?
Muslim employees work a maximum of 6 hours per day or 36 hours per week during Ramadan.
3. Can an employer force an employee to work overtime?
In most cases, employees must agree to work overtime. However, in urgent situations, employers may require it, provided they compensate employees correctly.
4. How is overtime pay calculated?
- 125% of regular wage for daytime overtime.
- 150% of regular wage for nighttime overtime.
- 150% of regular wage for work on a rest day.
5. Are employees entitled to breaks during work hours?
Yes, employees must receive at least a 30-minute break if they work more than 6 consecutive hours.
6. What happens if an employer does not pay overtime wages?
Employees can file a complaint with the Ministry of Labour or the Labour Market Regulatory Authority (LMRA) for legal action.
7. How many overtime hours can an employee work in a day?
The law allows a maximum of two overtime hours per day, except in emergency situations.
Where to Get More Information
For official and updated information, visit the Labour Market Regulatory Authority (LMRA) website or consult a legal expert specializing in Bahraini labor law.
Final Thoughts
Bahrain’s labor laws ensure that employees work reasonable hours, receive fair wages, and get proper rest. Both employers and employees should understand these regulations to create a healthy and productive work environment.
By following these rules, businesses can avoid legal issues, and employees can protect their rights and maintain a better work-life balance.
Only on HireBH.com